This study investigated the protective effects of trehalose on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The findings revealed that pre-treatment with 3% trehalose enhanced cell survival by activating autophagy—evidenced by increased LC3II/LC3I ratios and decreased p62 protein levels—and reduced apoptosis, as indicated by lower expression of cleaved caspase-3. These results suggest that trehalose may serve as a potential therapeutic agent to mitigate oxidative damage in BMSCs.